The energy certification of a property has become a key document in the real estate market
and in property transactions. But what exactly is energy certification? Why is it necessary,
and how is it calculated? Let’s find out together.
What Is Energy Certification
Energy certification, officially known as the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) – in Italian
Attestato di Prestazione Energetica (APE) – is a document that describes the energy
characteristics of a building or an individual housing unit. This certificate assigns an energy
efficiency class to the property, using a scale from A4 (highest efficiency) to G (lowest
efficiency).
The EPC also provides information on the building’s energy consumption and offers
suggestions to improve its energy performance.
Why Energy Certification Is Necessary
Energy certification is mandatory for:
- Selling or renting properties: The owner must provide the EPC to the prospective buyer or
- New constructions and major renovations: The certificate is needed to assess the
- Accessing tax bonuses and incentives: Many incentives for energy-efficient renovations
require submission of the EPC.
This requirement comes from the need to reduce energy consumption, cut CO₂ emissions,
and raise awareness among citizens and businesses toward more sustainable construction
practices.
How Energy Certification Is Calculated
The energy certification is carried out by a qualified technician – such as a certified engineer
or surveyor – who assesses several factors:
1. Building structure
- Types of materials used for walls, roof, and windows.
- Thermal insulation quality.
- Installed systems.
2. Type of heating and cooling systems
- Domestic hot water production system.
- Any renewable energy systems (e.g., solar panels, photovoltaic systems).
3. Climatic zone
- Energy consumption also varies based on the geographical location of the property.
4. Estimated energy use
- The technician calculates the annual energy demand for heating, cooling, and domestic hot water production.
After this analysis, the technician issues the EPC, which includes:
- The assigned energy class
- Estimated energy consumption
- Recommendations for improving energy efficiency
Conclusion
Energy certification is not just a legal requirement – it’s also a useful tool to evaluate a property’s quality and energy usage.
Knowing a home’s energy class helps save on utility
bills, increases the property’s market value, and contributes to protecting the environment.